Comment by IshKebab

Comment by IshKebab 15 hours ago

43 replies

Storing energy from the summer for the winter is a really inefficient way to do it. It's much better to massively over-provision the solar so you have enough energy - on average - for the winter. Then you only need a couple of week's worth of storage to account for extended cloudy periods.

Much cheaper, and you get a ton of extra free power in the summer. The only downside is a typical house roof doesn't have enough space. But a typical house doesn't have enough space for a 1 MWh battery either so...

freetime2 13 hours ago

Yup if you really need to be off grid in a climate that has cold, cloudy, snowy winters, you’re probably going to need a generator that runs on fossil fuels. For everyone else, use the grid.

  • mnw21cam 13 hours ago

    Agreed. You can increasingly over-provision the solar generation to reduce the proportion of time when you will need a fossil fuel generator or grid input, and install lots of battery to allow the system to smooth over multiple dull days. But chasing that 100% is going to be very expensive, and at some point it'll be much cheaper to have a fossil fuel generator that you need to run 1% of the time.

    • mrexroad 9 hours ago

      Yeah, w/o grid fallback, I’d much rather aim for 98-99% w/ solar and have an alternate source to close gap, rather than aim for “five 9s” on solar+batt. It’d take a lot to talk me out of a multi-source approach.

  • jcalvinowens 9 hours ago

    It's uncommon, but a wind generator can help a lot: in some climates, cloudy days tend to be windy days. Not really practical in a city though.

    • mauvehaus 7 hours ago

      The AMC White Mountain huts have been doing this for years. The croo don't tend to maintain the systems, so I've never gotten a sense for what their storage capacity, generating capacity, and loads look like, but from a visitor perspective, the system works well.

      Reportedly, even the fairy stout wind turbines they use up there have short, brutal lives. I heard the story of a croo that had to lasso/tangle/jam the blades of theirs in a storm because it lost the ability to control its speed and the alternative was letting it overspeed and possibly tear itself apart. They aren't large in diameter, but at the speeds they turn even in normal conditions up there, catastrophic failure could be really bad.

  • tim333 7 hours ago

    There's the passive haus highly insulated stuff. Guess that might work?

    • dzhiurgis 6 hours ago

      If you wanna spend 2-3x more, yes. Otherwise solar or grid battery is cheaper.

      • tenuousemphasis 2 hours ago

        Try 30-50% more.

        It's so obviously better to reduce your need for heating and cooling than it is to increase your panel. battery, and HVAC size.

        • dzhiurgis an hour ago

          30-50% over 500k build is 10x more than 10k solar or 5k worth of batteries.

          I've just setup electrical heating for my bedroom (HA PID sensor). Uses about 450KWh - $90 NZD worth of grid power per winter. Heat pump would take 20+ years to pay itself. Double glazing probably 30-40 years.

          To make same amount of solar power per year I need a single $130 NZD panel.

  • rr808 2 hours ago

    Wood burner is the best companion imho.

  • madaxe_again 12 hours ago

    Or you find somewhere with terrain amenable to hydropower. It’s how we bridge the gap in the winter.

dlcarrier 7 hours ago

I live off grid in inland northern California, and a have a solar panel array large enough to run my air conditioner continuously while the sun is up. It's just large enough to run the blower for a gas furnace in the winter so sizing turned out to be pretty even. Using a heat pump in the winter would require several times larger panel array, and running it at night would require the battery be much, much larger.

My 5 kW solar array and 24 kWh battery is fine for my 1300 sq ft house, all summer long, even when it's cloudy, and it works great for clear winter days, but as you mentioned for extended days of bad weather, the battery runs empty. Fluffy white summer clouds aren't a problem, but thick winter rain clouds let in so littl light that the whole array can't even run a 200 W refrigerator, so a few days of rainy weather depletes the battery and I have to top it off with a generator.

disentanglement 12 hours ago

A 1 MWh battery isn't actually that big. There's electric trucks on the market right now with 600 kWh batteries sitting on the frame between the front and rear axle. That would easily fit into a basement room.

  • ok_dad 11 hours ago

    I wouldn't want a battery in my basement. if there is a fire in the battery your house will turn into a smoking hole, in the literal sense. Maybe if it was an iron-air battery or something safe, but not the current generation chemistry batteries.

    • lukan 8 hours ago

      " but not the current generation chemistry batteries."

      Check for "Saltwaterbatteries", they are starting to reach consumer markets and literally cannot burn as the energy is stored as ... salt water.

      • XorNot 6 hours ago

        Seems like the peak was around 2017 but they never performed particularly well?[1]

        The problem is if the promise from the name was true, they'd be everywhere - they're not, so invariably much like vanadiun-redox or iron-flow batteries it turns out all the other details make them more expensive and less performant.

        [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquion_Energy

    • disentanglement 9 hours ago

      Yeah, I'm not saying it's a good idea. But you could do it if you wanted to.

    • adrianN 3 hours ago

      LFP should be about as safe as other stuff people tend to store in their basements.

      • privatelypublic an hour ago

        LFP's biggest issue is people aren't used to "Phenomenal Cosmic kW/h... itty bitty living space!" Yet.

  • ragebol 11 hours ago

    That small? I was imagining burying a shipping container under the driveway/front yard or something.

    • ok_dad 11 hours ago

      Most grid-scale batteries that large will have bigger inverters (usually it'll be inverters that can dump that energy in 2-6 hours so 500-150 KW for 1 MWh of battery) and require cooling systems and such, but if you're putting that in your home then cooling will be negligible and the inverter will remain small. The batteries themselves are fairly compact, it's the support systems that get large.

    • codyb 10 hours ago

      What's the degradation cycle on batteries that size?

      If you're using daily, do you get... three? five years?

      Looks like - https://cartroubleshooters.com/how-long-does-a-tesla-home-ba... - ten to fifteen years with a guarantee of 10 years at 70% from Tesla

      • privatelypublic an hour ago

        We're to the point calendar aging instead of cycles is the existential threat.

    • Dylan16807 8 hours ago

      We can roughly estimate lithium ion batteries as 500 watt-hours per liter. Which makes a million watt-hours 2000 liters, which is two cubic meters. Add in extra overhead and it's still not all that much.

  • lelandbatey 12 hours ago

    A good size comparison might by approximately the size of a stand up freezer, a common basement sight.

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boredpudding 8 hours ago

It's possible to store energy for full seasons, just not electricity.

It's been done with heat. Using cheap electricity in the summer to generate heat and store it in basalt. There's a small block of houses in The Netherlands that gets their heat that way: https://www.ecodorpboekel.nl/basaltaccu-is-opgebouwd-uit-duu...

There's more systems like this around the world, although they use different storage methods.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seasonal_thermal_energy_storag...

dzhiurgis 6 hours ago

If you have good TOU rates (some even offer free) it's far cheaper to skip solar and just get a battery - they are options for less than $100 / KWh. That's $1.5k for battery + inverter + 1-2 hours of labour. Equivalent solar system can cost 10x that.

theodric 9 hours ago

Off grid is silly unless you actually require it. Massive PV overprovision to ensure there's always something on the table is better than insane battery capacity. A couple of weeks worth of storage is a wild amount for a normal household.

I have a 22*980Ah 3.2Vn LiFePo4 array, and it holds a theoretical 13kWh at the 60% "safe" cycling rate (not below ~20%, not above ~80%, 3.0V min to 3.4V max). Taking DC->AC conversion losses into account, that ends up around 11kWh of 230VAC, which is enough for a single "normal" 24h period without generation: that doesn't include hoovering, welding, or running the dehydrator or dehumidifier. The batteries alone were USD$3500; BMS, balancer, cabling, etc. hundreds more. If I take $4000 as the unit price, then 14 days worth of power for us would represent $56k into a depreciating investment. I don't think most people are going to go for that. $56k would pay a lot of electric bills.

I'm in Ireland, which is fairly temperate, and we heat with wood (including the hot water). If you heat with electricity and you want to float that load on battery through a dim February...brutal.

EDIT: holy shitballs, that's $141,189.74 if you buy it as Powerwalls from Tesla rather than parts from Alibaba.

  • justahuman74 5 hours ago

    > $56k would pay a lot of electric bills.

    In california, if you have AC and electric car that's 56 months.

    • com2kid 3 hours ago

      EVs cost ~$2 to charge a day for an average amount of driving.

      The cost for AC dwarfs the cost to charge an EV.

    • theodric 2 hours ago

      My bill was €316 bimonthly at €0.31/kWh before I put in panels. Last bill covering the two sunniest months I've ever seen in Western Europe was €100 exactly, of which in excess of €50 was the standing charge that is due regardless. The remaining ~€25/mo overage is the delta of our demand and the inverter's peak output. Next purchase will be more panels; another inverter would offer only marginal gains.

  • ashirviskas 6 hours ago

    Huh, your numbers are weird. 22x980Ah of 3.2V cells would give you over 60kWh.

    And the price of LiFePo4 continues dropping, it is not a good deal if your cells are aboe $80 per kWh (which at 22kWh should be below $2000).

    • theodric 2 hours ago

      Fuck. This is what I get for posting on 3 hours of sleep. My hallucinated bullshit came out so close to actual that it looked correct enough.

      3.2v nominal per cell, 305Ah capacity: .976kWh per each. Call it .98. Not 980Ah, but 0.980 kWh.

      .98 * 22 = 21.56kWh total pack cap.

      *0.6 = 12.936 kWh available before conversion losses

      We burn about 11kWh daily, so there's about a day in a full battery. Spring/mid summer worked well, but lately we aren't managing to store enough to get through the night, so I will probably add another 10 panels (5s2p) once I can find a grand I don't need.