Comment by diggan

Comment by diggan a day ago

100 replies

> The first thing that came to attention, the paper that the text was printed on wasn’t an A4, it was smaller and not a size I was familiar with. I measured it and found that it’s a US letter size paper at about 21.5cm x 27.9cm. I completely forgot that the US, Canada, and a few other countries don’t follow the standard international paper sizes, even though I had written about it earlier.

I guess I shouldn't be surprised that the US and some other countries decided to do things differently... As a European, I don't think I've ever seen something not A4 or A3/A4 in a professional context in my life, ever. Are US letter sizes what people use instead of A4 in a workplace for documents and such (seems confusing if so), and do printers sold in the US default to US letter sizes when printing? Or just happens to be something FSF only seem to be doing?

int_19h a day ago

Like most other weird things in US that pertain to measurements and units thereof, letter-sized paper predates the A-series standard (which originated in Germany). FWIW the latter didn't became an ISO standard until late 20th century.

Americans are just very obstinate about those things. It's like the Windows of metrology - backwards compatibility trumps everything else, even when you have utterly bonkers things like ounces vs fluid ounces.

  • umanwizard a day ago

    We are not particularly obstinate, we just have no strong reason to change. Metric is already used in areas where it actually matters (e.g. STEM)

    • eadmund 20 hours ago

      > Metric is already used in areas where it actually matters (e.g. STEM)

      Using French Revolutionary units doesn’t really matter in STEM, either: one can conduct science just as well in any units one wishes. One unit of measure is not more scientific than another. For example, degrees Kelvin and Rankine measure the same thing with different units. If anything, the Rankine degrees are more precise!

      • tialaramex 19 hours ago

        You shouldn't use degrees for Kelvin, it's an absolute unit, the degrees are needed for the relative units like Celsius.

        Anyway, the French system isn't what people mean by "metric" in this context, they mean the SI system of units, and so in practice it's not so much that it wouldn't matter which you choose as that you don't have any option except SI.

        If you wanted an independent system of units you'd need to do a lot of expensive metrication, and in practice Americans are too cheap for that, so the US "customary" units are just aliases for so-and-so-much amount of some SI unit, they aren't actually independent at all.

        The reason people focus on metric is that for everyday people that's the part which jumps out as more intuitive. All these nice powers of 10, very tidy.

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      • pasc1878 19 hours ago

        However the abbreviation is STEM. For S and especiually M you can do in different units.

        For T&E it really matters see NASA's Mars Climate Orbiter and the need for heroics in the Gimli glider.

        You need to keep to the same unit.

        • eadmund 18 hours ago

          > For T&E it really matters see NASA's Mars Climate Orbiter and the need for heroics in the Gimli glider.

          > You need to keep to the same unit.

          Completely agreed. You’ll get similar issues if you have one set of parts using m/s and others using km/hr.

          And you’ll avoid those issues with any standard, whether it’s m/s, knots or mph. The important thing is to have a standard.

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  • HideousKojima a day ago

    >Americans are just very obstinate about those things.

    It's not just obstinance, switching everything to metric in the US would likely cost billions (if not trillions) of dollars. And other countries that have made the switch have often ended up with weird Frankensystems of measurement, like the UK where they mix metric and imperial all the time (plus the weird UK-specific measurements they have like "stone", which is based on the pound).

    • int_19h 20 hours ago

      Every single country in the world that is on metric today had to switch from something else at some point in the past. Why overfocus so much on UK when you have literally a hundred successful examples?

      One does have to wonder what it is about Anglo countries specifically that makes it so difficult for them, though. Well, Canada at least has the excuse of being next door to US, with the resulting economic effects. For UK I'm pretty sure it's just about not being like "the Continent" at this point.

      • HideousKojima 17 hours ago

        >Every single country in the world that is on metric today had to switch from something else at some point in the past. Why overfocus so much on UK when you have literally a hundred successful examples?

        A huge percentage of those countries didn't have established industrial bases, infrastructure, etc. And also no educated general populace that needed reeducating. And often those countries were effectively forced into adopting metric through colonization and/or invasion.

        • int_19h 4 hours ago

          Even then, that still leaves most of Europe.

    • andyferris a day ago

      Other countries switched. Short term pain for long term gain.

      • coldpie 21 hours ago

        The trouble is there is just very little gain. It really just doesn't matter. All the systems are fine, they all work. If you come live here, you'll adjust after 2 years. If I moved to Europe, I would adjust in 2 years. Once in a blue moon you have to bother with converting units but c'est la vie. There's bigger things to worry about.

      • HideousKojima a day ago

        >Other countries switched.

        Except they didn't actually, see my points about the UK (similar points apply to Canada).

    • graemep a day ago

      It is a weird mix in the UK, distances are measured in miles, and speed limits are set in miles per hour, but fuel is sold in litres, for example.

      People get very worked up about it too. People got very worked up about a government proposal to allow people to put imperial units on food in larger type than metric (at the moment it has to be metric larger - or at least the same size).

      Everything in engineering and science has been entirely metric since the 80s.

      • mrob a day ago

        Distances in the UK are measured in miles and yards (or fractions of a mile). Google Maps gets this wrong and uses miles and feet. I don't think many people in the UK have a good intuition for how far 500ft is.

    • ascorbic 18 hours ago

      The UK uses metric for almost everything. Miles/mph for driving and pints in the pub are the only things that are always non-metric. Human height and weight are the only other thing that is often non-metric, and even then a lot of people will know their weight in kg rather than stone.

    • pasc1878 19 hours ago

      For the UK in practice it is only distance measurements that are non metric now. For some things like small liquid amounts we colloquially use imperial - pints - which differ from US pints. I think the actual official volume is the metric it is just you could say slang that keeps to pints.

      Anything to do with STEM is metric.

      • tialaramex 18 hours ago

        If you buy beer "loose" like at a bar it has to be sold in pints. Most people will have seen a "half" and anybody who likes stronger beers or goes to festivals where you taste different ones will know a "third" of a pint is also a legal amount of beer to sell. You would not want to try out a few different 8% stouts if they were sold only in whole pints, unless they're going to make it a multi-day event and provide somewhere for you to sleep it off.

        Milk is also allowed to be sold in pints, traditionally glass bottle re-usable milk bottles were one pint.

        It is also usual (but not legal) to sell a pint or a half of various soft drinks, in theory you should be sold these in some other way, I always say "large" or "small" but in practice ordinary people say "pint" and after all the staff will probably more or less fill a pint glass so, whatever.

        Spirits (e.g. gin) are measured in either 25ml or 35ml shots. An establishment can choose either, post which one they picked and use that consistently. Why two seemingly unrelated sizes? Well, historically there were two different non-metric sizes permitted in law, and when the government legislated to make these SI units there were lobbyists demanding they allow this to continue despite the opportunity to rationalize.

        As in the US, containers you purchase in a store are labelled, but here the labels must prominently show SI volume units and EU-style value metrics are required on shelf markings, so e.g. 10p per 100ml of Coke is a good price, maybe the Pepsi is on a deal for 9.5p per 100ml, the store's terrible own brand is 5p per 100ml. This EU strategy prevents people screwing with sizes to make you think you're getting a better deal, that cheaper bottle may look like a good idea but hey, it's 18p per 100ml, ah, it's slimmer in the middle which makes it actually much smaller than it looks.

    • thesuitonym a day ago

      Also, switching everything to metric is just not necessary. We already use the metric system all the time. We also use imperial.

      • int_19h 20 hours ago

        Yes, so you have all the disadvantages and none of the advantages.

        And sure, of course metric isn't necessary. You can also write all software in COBOL and PL/I. But over the long term, the convenience of having a self-consistent system based on a few simple principles rather than historical precedent adds up.

robin_reala a day ago

It’s US standard. Hence the infamous default PC LOAD LETTER message on HP printers that made zero sense to anyone outside the US: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC_LOAD_LETTER

  • bombcar a day ago

    PC isn't Personal Computer, it's Paper Cartridge.

    That's the missing link for Americans.

dsr_ a day ago

Nearly everything in the US uses letter, legal (letter but longer), or tabloid (double width letter, to be folded over).

Much to my surprise, a random check of a US-based office supply company shows that they do have A4 in stock -- at a price about 40% higher than letter-sized.

  • codazoda 20 hours ago

    Don't forget my favorite size, "statement". This is half of letter size. Sometimes used for small statements, sometimes used as letter folded.

    Hacker News users may be familiar with Julia Evans (http://jvns.ca) who creates technology zines that work in both A4 and Letter sizes, folded in half.

  • kevin_thibedeau a day ago

    I used to work at Kodak and they had an industrial printer division in my building. They would go through pallet-fulls of A4 for their testing. Only place Ive seen it in use in a business setting in the US.

  • kstrauser a day ago

    And by “nearly everything”, I've never personally seen or used printer or copier paper that wasn't letter or legal. I know it exists, but I've never, not once, bought or used it.

  • owl57 a day ago

    > legal (letter but longer)

    This one surprised me quite a bit. I think most people have A4/letter-sized folders. Why does anyone think that papers slightly longer than those folders are a good idea?

    • bombcar a day ago

      Legal size folders exist and are widely used by people who use ... legal size paper.

      Legal folders can be great to be able to print letter-sized things on, then you have an area at the bottom to write notes and stuff.

      • owl57 7 hours ago

        > Legal size folders exist and are widely used by people who use ... legal size paper.

        Sure. But I didn't know I use legal size paper or even what it is before I asked the apartment complex to print the lease agreement, and it didn't fit in their own folder with the other move in papers. In my rank of weirdness discovered upon moving to the US, this is at about the same level as the different ounces.

      • cannam 17 hours ago

        I'm just about old enough to remember (in the UK) foolscap paper, an imperial size also a bit longer than A4. You never see it any more (at least I don't) but foolscap sized box-files are still readily available. I guess a slightly bigger box than you need is not usually a problem.

      • alexjm 13 hours ago

        Many filing cabinets in the US are also sized so you can put letter sized folders in one way, or rotate the folders 90 degrees and legal sized folders will fit correctly.

umanwizard a day ago

> seems confusing if so

It is no more confusing to Americans than the fact that Europeans use A4 is to Europeans. Why should it be? Just like you didn’t know standards other than A4 exist, Americans don’t think about the fact that standards other than 8.5x11 inches (I.e. letter) exist. All printers, binders, folders, hole punchers, etc. are made with letter size paper in mind, and most people unless they are involved in business with other countries have never encountered an A4 sheet of paper in their lives and probably have no idea other standards exist.

  • echoangle a day ago

    A4 isn’t some random format, you can derive it with three pieces of information:

    A0 is 1 square meter

    An to An+1 means cutting the paper along the middle of the longer edge

    Each An has the same aspect ratio

    Those are pretty useful properties and precisely define the dimensions of A4.

    • therealpygon 21 hours ago

      Not sure where you got “random format” from the comments, but we (U.S.) also use a very precise method for defining the size of paper, which is 8.5x11 and legal as 8.5x14. For the US, both are sized to fit in the same standard envelopes. I’ve never thought, “boy, I really need half this sheet length-wise but made shorter to keep the same aspect ratio for this situation”, so while I can understand why that could make sense when creating an international standard, it isn’t more or less random or more/less precise than any other basis. Our basis simply evolved naturally from our system of measurement and our needs with countries we traded most closely, rather than as an international standard based on a different system of measurement that needed to be shared among numerous countries situated closely together.

    • umanwizard a day ago

      True, but I don’t understand why this would make letter size confusing to Americans. European office workers are not sitting around marveling at the mathematical elegance of the definition of A series paper. It just doesn’t matter in daily life.

      • tialaramex 19 hours ago

        > It just doesn’t matter in daily life.

        Like a lot of mathematics it does matter in your daily life but you actually just don't think about it because of course this works - unless you're an American and so no it doesn't.

        The A-series paper sizes mean everything scales very naturally. Poster? Pamphlet? It's just the same ratios again but bigger or smaller. There is a single design where this works, and that's why the A-series exists, you can't just pick anything, only this works.

    • rswail 20 hours ago

      Not only that but C envelope sizes match the A size. So an A4 piece of paper fits a C4 envelope flat.

      A4 folded in half (size of an A5) fits in a C5 envelope.

      An ISO standard that makes sense and isn't based on different professions like "letter" vs "legal" vs "folio" and other US sizes.

      But also the reason that, for example, screens have 80 columns, (also related to punch cards), but that was about the width of a "letter" page at 10cpi.

    • ElevenLathe a day ago

      Why is this useful if you want to write a letter?

      • echoangle a day ago

        For a normal letter, it probably doesn’t matter. But it’s useful in general and doesn’t make it worse for writing letters, so it’s still better to use than a specific letter format with worse properties.

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    • eadmund 20 hours ago

      > A4 isn’t some random format, you can derive it with three pieces of information …

      You can derive letter paper with two pieces of information: 8½ and 11. Just having a laugh, of course — I do admire the A/B series, even if I wish that they were based on a square yard :-)

  • diggan a day ago

    > It is no more confusing to Americans than the fact that Europeans use A4 is to Europeans. Why should it be?

    Well, A4 (and variants) are not Europe-specific formats, it's the formats most of the world except some few countries (including the US) use, so I'd say it's slightly more surprising than the other way around.

    • umanwizard a day ago

      Right, but why does that make letter size confusing?

      Even if every other country in the world used A4, the only people in the US who would even notice would be people who commonly do business with other countries or who live near the border. And in reality, Canada and Mexico also use letter so the border thing doesn’t apply.

      So why should letter confuse us just because other people use something else?

      • diggan a day ago

        > Right, but why does that make letter size confusing?

        That's the part I initially quoted; "the paper that the text was printed on wasn’t an A4, it was smaller and not a size I was familiar with. I measured it and found that it’s a US letter size paper at about 21.5cm x 27.9cm"

        The author isn't from North America, so they had forgotten the format was different, so they got confused when they assumed it would have been A4 like the rest of the world, but it wasn't.

        > the only people in the US who would even notice would be people who commonly do business with other countries or who live near the border

        Or, as in the case of the author, they live outside of North American and send/receive letters to/from North America.

jccalhoun a day ago

Yes, in the USA letter size is the standard. A3,4 don't exist. It isn't confusing because I would guess that more than half of all people in the USA don't even know that letter size isn't the standard everywhere. I was probably in my late 20s before I found out that Europe doesn't use the same size paper as we in the USA do. I can remember exactly once that I encountered it in the wild (I was at a conference and someone from Europe had some handouts).

  • bombcar a day ago

    The European sizes exist in the USA if you want them, you just have to order them from a print shop or supplier.

    Or you can get whatever you want - I wanted B4 paper to print a booklet (or B3 maybe) and I just bought a ream that was larger and had a print shop slice it down to B4. My US laser printer was fine printing onto B4.

tallanvor a day ago

Look, there's plenty of things to complain about with regards to the US - especially these days. But getting upset about US citizens not using all the same standards in their daily lives as many other places is just silly. --It's like complaining about the UK and a relatively small number of countries that chose to drive on the left instead of the right. Could they change? Sure. Are they likely to change? Seems pretty unlikely.

  • diggan 19 hours ago

    > But getting upset about US citizens not using all the same standards in their daily lives as many other places is just silly

    Good thing it wasn't a complaint then, just questions from someone who doesn't know how it works across the pond :) And it seems to be the story of someone outside of North America trying to interact with the North American standards, not some internal confusion between internal states or whatnot.

sanderjd a day ago

How is this "confusing"? I don't think I've ever thought about paper size a single time in my life.

  • int_19h a day ago

    I think GP is referring to the name - "letter" implies that it's the standard paper size used for writing letters specifically, as opposed to printed documents (of course, in US it's really both).

    • twoodfin a day ago

      I’d guess that nomenclature originates in the world where every small US Main Street had a stationary store carrying all manner of paper sizes and stocks for diverse purposes—none of which involved use in anything more sophisticated than a typewriter.

      One particular “standard” that sticks out in my memory was “math paper”, which I recall as being unbleached, about 5” x 8”, and used pervasively in primary education (at least in New England) into the 1990’s.

    • sanderjd 20 hours ago

      Oh... I don't really see why "letter" is a more confusing way to describe a paper size than "A4"...

      My general point is just that I'm surprised so many people seem to notice and care about paper size in general. I've just never thought about this at all.

      • int_19h 19 hours ago

        Well, "A4" doesn't imply anything about the intended use. The format of the name also implies that there is A3, A5 etc, both of which aren't all that uncommon either.

        But, yes, for most people it doesn't really matter - you go to the store, you buy paper, you shove it into your printer, and it mostly just works. However, it's also not all that hard to run into situations where things break. E.g. most PDFs originating from US are rendered for Letter size paper, which means that printing them outside of US generally requires setting "fit size" rather than "original" to ensure that nothing gets clipped. Vice versa also happens, but because US is so culturally dominant, Americans rarely run into that particular issue.

therealpygon 21 hours ago

> Are US letter sizes what people use instead of A4 in a workplace for documents and such (seems confusing if so)

Yes, it is just our standard like A4 is yours. When you pull a paper out of the pack it is A4 when we pull it out it is ANSI A, commonly known a US Letter size. Instead of 8.27”x11.69”, we use 8.5”x11”. We also commonly use US Legal size, which is 8.5”x14”. Slightly longer and can fit in the same envelope.

> do printers sold in the US default to US letter sizes when printing?

Yes. However all of our printers can do all sizes since our paper is slightly larger, while an A4 specific printer couldn’t print a US letter.

  • rswail 20 hours ago

    Except pretty much all printer drivers these days can down convert from letter to A4.

    Margins on left/right might be skinnier, but length wise US letter fits.

    • pests 10 hours ago

      Since they are talking about physical paper size, I assume they meant that an A4 printer that physically only takes A4 sized paper would not be able to print on letter paper stock, as its physically too big to fit. I can print any size onto a business card too with down converting and messing with margins.

remram a day ago

Yes all paper is usually letter. It's close to A4, so you don't usually need to reformat documents to print on one or the other. Most printers take A4 and US letter and adapt automatically.

A4 is readily available in the US but not commonly used.

The main problem is that if you cut it in half, you get a really silly sizes (too narrow) instead of A5.

  • sgarland a day ago

    > Most printers take A4 and US letter and adapt automatically

    I found out that they do not automatically adapt to JIS sizes. My wife’s work once had a printer that somehow got configured to use JIS, I assume JB5. It then refused to print on US Letter, but as printers are wont to do, didn’t produce any useful error message, nor relay this information to the computer. It just wouldn’t print. I only discovered this (because if you work in tech, you must know how to fix printers, right?) by laboriously scrolling through every menu on the tiny LCD screen, and finding that the paper settings were incorrect.

    • frutiger a day ago

      > if you work in tech, you must know how to fix printers, right?

      You kid, but it turns out the assumption was correct in this case. I suppose the truth is that by working in tech, you are likely very methodical and rely on deduction, which are both essential in fixing printer issues.

      • sgarland a day ago

        Yes, but that’s the annoying part. So many tech problems that people encounter can be trivially solved with a quick web search, poking at menus until you find something promising, or a combination thereof. I remember helping my mom over the phone to troubleshoot something on her iPhone – at the time, I had an Android, so everything was foreign to me, but I was able to deduce where a given setting might exist, and figured out whatever the problem was.

        I don’t know when or why this skill declined, but it’s upsetting.

        • db48x an hour ago

          Yea, it’s like people’s brains turn off. They can read menus at restaurants, but refuse to do so when confronted with a printer or whatever.

rietta a day ago

It's the standard here in the USA. The other standard is the US Legal at 8.5 inches by 14 inches (216 mm by 356 mm). This is what is used in court settings (hence the name) but also things like paper mortgage statements will typically come printed on that. That is much similar to your A4 size.

I am familiar with A4, A5 and such. But I think that fewer and fewer people are. It's just not something used every day.

As a side note, most of the big important house bills and statements I still insist on receiving via US mail for protection reasons. There is a risk if I only had them emailed to me that my wife would not have access. If I were to suddenly die, I don't want my wife with our kids to miss a critical bill. By having them show up at the house in physical form provides a bit of defense in depth here.

jodaco a day ago

It’s a US thing and most printers in the US default to it. You would be hard pressed to find someone who knows what A4 is.

Letter size is 8-1/2 x 11 inches by US standards.

  • bombcar a day ago

    I've found that many Americans know what A4 is - that "weird European size that doesn't print right".

bayindirh a day ago

> do printers sold in the US default to US letter sizes when printing? Or just happens to be something FSF only seem to be doing?

Yes, the default printing paper for US is US Letter. I prefer to use my computers with US English language, and macOS defaults to US Letter as print and page size when you use US English as the default language.

Moreover, I had a ream of US Letter paper in the past, given me by our neighbor (I live in a A4 country, so it's that "odd" size).

dizhn a day ago

It's a pretty good paper size standard. Fold A4 in half and you get A5. Put two A4s side by side and that's an A3 size.

sgarland a day ago

Oh no, it’s worse.

8.5 x 11” is US Letter, or 215.9 x 279.4 mm. We also have US Legal, which as the name implies, is frequently used by legal professions. I have no idea why. It is 8.5 x 14”, or 215.9 x 355.6 mm. Finally, we have US Tabloid (I guess used for small newspapers?), which is 11 x 17”, or 279.4 x 431.8 mm.

And yes, our printers default to US Letter. The line from the movie Office Space: “PC Load Letter? WTF does that mean?” is the printer’s cryptic way of saying “Load Letter-sized paper into the Paper Cassette.”

EDIT: there are are apparently more US-specific sizes I was unaware of, which you can view and compare with others on this site: https://papersizes.io/us/