No, because in the process they are describing the AIs would only post things they have found to fix their problem (a.k.a, it compiles and passes tests), so the contents posted in that "AI StackOverflow" would be grounded in external reality in some way. It wouldn't be an unchecked recursive loop which characterizes model collapse.
Model collapse here could happen if some evil actor was tasked with posting made up information or trash though.
What precisely do you mean by external grounding? Do you mean the laws of physics still apply?
I mean it in the sense that tokens that pass some external filter (even if that filter isn't perfect) are from a very different probability distribution than those that an LLM generates indiscriminately. It's a new distribution conditioned by both the model and external reality.
Model collapse happens in the case where you train your model indefinitely with its own output, leading to reinforcing the biases that were originally picked up by the model. By repeating this process but adding a "grounding" step, you avoid training repeatedly on the same distribution. Some biases may end up being reinforced still, but it's a very different setting. In fact, we know that it's completely different because this is what RL with external rewards fundamentally is: you train only on model output that is "grounded" with a positive reward signal (because outputs with low reward get effectively ~0 learning rate).
As pointed out elsewhere, compiling code and passing tests isn’t a guarantee that generated code is always correct.
So even “non Chinese trained models” will get it wrong.