Comment by KingMob

I don't know anything about Wolfram's theory, but one general way to address this is to compare the Akaike information criterion (or similar measures).

The metrics attempt to balance the ability of a model to fit data with the number of parameters required. For equally well-fitting models, they prefer the one with fewer params.

If Wolfram's theory fits as well but has fewer params, it should be preferred. I'm not sure if fewer "concepts" counts, but it's something to consider.