Comment by munchler
This is an excellent talk by Scott Aaronson, although it's not something that can be digested as quickly as the typical HN post. The summary slide at the end is perhaps a good introduction to the scope of the topic:
* In math, we are finite beings trying to apprehend the infinite
* The Busy Beaver function actually quantifies that (!)
* Even the finite can exceed the scope of the cosmos. That's where we need physics and complexity theory
* Quantum computers look like they're already slightly expanding the scope of what mathematical statements we can know
* Can we know even more than that? Depends what the ultimate laws of physics are
>>> In math, we are finite beings trying to apprehend the infinite
Watched the entire lecture. Fascinating. An amusing aside is that this is the first time I've encountered that statement, where it wasn't just an empty assertion, but actually had some meat on the bones.