Comment by UniverseHacker

Yes, indirectly- this is how infrared thermometers can measure temperature at a distance. If there is no temperature differential then both surfaces will be radiating the same number of photons at one another, and therefore radiate at least as much energy as they absorb.

For a “non thermal” source, the thermodynamics aren’t changed, you are still radiating the energy you put into it, and a sufficiently “hot” absorber will be unable to use the energy. The thermodynamics are the same, you just have more control over the frequency and direction of the radiation.